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After the 1974 SD455 was dropped the 1975 Firebird's top performance engine was an 'L78' Pontiac 400 cu in (6.6 L). Pontiac still offered the regular 455 (RPO L75) in its full sized cars, and after a negative public reaction for dropping the 455 engine, it was re-introduced mid-year as an available option for the 1975 Pontiac Trans Am.
One of the companies Durant bought in 1909 was the Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company founded by Ralph Northway who had previously supplied engines to Buick, Oakland, Cartercar and other 1900s manufacturers, including V8 engines to Oldsmobile, Oakland and Cadillac when they were independent companies. [1]
Sometimes confused with the Buick designed and built 215 cu in (3.5 L) aluminum V8 that Pontiac had used in the two years prior, the "Pontiac 215" was an adaptation of Chevrolet's 194 cu.in. inline 6 currently produced and the new 230 cu in (3.8 L) overhead valve Turbo-Thrift straight-6.
At the height of the horsepower era, Pontiac engines reached ratings of 390 hp (291 kW; 395 PS) (SAE gross), though other engines achieved considerably higher outputs. Federal emissions laws eventually brought the horsepower era to a close and resulted in a steady decline for Pontiac's engines. One holdout to this industry-wide slide was the ...
The 400 cu in (6.6 L) version was the second, tall-deck "big-block" Olds. Two distinct versions of the 400 CID engine were made: 1965-1967 "Early" 400s used a slightly oversquare 4.000 in (101.60 mm) bore and 3.975 in (100.97 mm) stroke for an overall displacement of 399.6 cu in (6,549 cc). All the pre-1968 engines used a forged steel crankshaft.
Introduced in 1963 on Pontiac's 389 and 421 cu in (6.4 and 6.9 L) drag racing engines, General Motors fitted it to the 1967 Z/28 before they used it on the L88 427 cu in (7.0 L) Corvette. It eliminated the production breaker-point ignition allowing greater spark energy and more stable ignition timing at all engine speeds including idle.