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Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occurs when a human fetus is infected with the rubella virus (German measles) via maternal-fetal transmission and develops birth defects. [1] The most common congenital defects affect the ophthalmologic, cardiac, auditory, and neurologic systems.
Hemolytic–uremic syndrome: Horner's Syndrome Triad: ptosis (eyelid), miosis, anhydrosis: Horner's syndrome: Hutchinson's triad: Hutchison's teeth, Interstitial keratitis, Nerve deafness: Congenital syphilis: Kartagener Syndrome Triad: Triad of bronchiectasis, Recurrent sinusitis, and, Situs inversus, Kartagener syndrome: Leriche's syndrome Triad
In the case of congenital rubella infection, there is no known cure. Therefore, the focus of treatment is disease prevention. The MMR vaccine is highly efficacious in preventing congenital rubella and is given routinely as a part of the pediatric vaccine schedule. [10] For neonates with congenital CMV infection, antiviral medication is given.
Pregnant women with Rubella are at risk of having a miscarriage or having a baby born with multiple birth defects due to Congenital rubella syndrome. It affected around 12.5 million people in the US. An estimated 11,000 pregnancies ended in miscarriage or stillbirth , just over 2,000 newborn babies died , and of those that survived around ...
Progressive rubella panencephalitis (PRP) is a neurological disorder which may occur in a child with congenital rubella. [1] It is a slow viral infection of the brain characterized by chronic encephalitis, usually manifesting between 8–19 years of age. It is believed to be due to a persistence or reactivation of rubella virus infection.
The most common congenital infection to cause congenital cataracts is Rubella. [4] Rubella is especially common, with a higher incidence in India. [4] Rubella is characterized by a triad of features: congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss, and patent ductus arteriosus (a congenital heart condition). [4] Trauma can cause cataracts in ...
Once infected there is no specific treatment. [2] Rubella is a common infection in many areas of the world. [2] Each year about 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome occur. [3] Rates of disease have decreased in many areas as a result of vaccination. [2] [7] There are ongoing efforts to eliminate the disease globally. [3]
Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition. For children under the age of two years old whose vision is affected by the cataracts in both eyes, surgical options include intraocular lens implantation or a lensectomy. [2] Congenital cataracts are considered to be a significant cause of childhood blindness.