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Therefore, a superscalar processor can be envisioned as having multiple parallel pipelines, each of which is processing instructions simultaneously from a single instruction thread. Most modern superscalar CPUs also have logic to reorder the instructions to try to avoid pipeline stalls and increase parallel execution.
Parallel task scheduling (also called parallel job scheduling [1] [2] or parallel processing scheduling [3]) is an optimization problem in computer science and operations research. It is a variant of optimal job scheduling .
Overall efficiency varies; Intel claims up to 30% improvement with its Hyper-Threading Technology, [1] while a synthetic program just performing a loop of non-optimized dependent floating-point operations actually gains a 100% speed improvement when run in parallel.
Diagram of a symmetric multiprocessing system. Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing [1] (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all ...
The first computer that was not serial and used a parallel bus was the Whirlwind in 1951. A serial computer is not necessarily the same as a computer with a 1-bit architecture , which is a subset of the serial computer class. 1-bit computer instructions operate on data consisting of single bits, whereas a serial computer can operate on N -bit ...
Connection Machines were noted for their striking visual design. The CM-1 and CM-2 design teams were led by Tamiko Thiel . [ 10 ] The physical form of the CM-1, CM-2, and CM-200 chassis was a cube-of-cubes, referencing the machine's internal 12-dimensional hypercube network, with the red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), by default indicating the ...
Identical-machines scheduling is an optimization problem in computer science and operations research. We are given n jobs J 1 , J 2 , ..., J n of varying processing times, which need to be scheduled on m identical machines, such that a certain objective function is optimized, for example, the makespan is minimized.
Due to the inherent difficulties in full automatic parallelization, several easier approaches exist to get a parallel program in higher quality. One of these is to allow programmers to add "hints" to their programs to guide compiler parallelization, such as HPF for distributed memory systems and OpenMP or OpenHMPP for shared memory systems.