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English: "Microchip MAC-SA5X miniaturized rubidium atomic clock produces a stable time and frequency reference that maintains a high degree of synchronization to a reference clock, such as a GNSS-derived signal, despite static g-forces or other factors ... measuring only 2 inch by 2 inch and standing less than an inch"
Commercial rubidium clocks are less accurate than caesium atomic clocks, which serve as primary frequency standards, so a rubidium clock is usually used as a secondary frequency standard. Commercial rubidium frequency standards operate by disciplining a crystal oscillator to the rubidium hyperfine transition of 6.8 GHz (6 834 682 610.904 Hz).
Commercial manufacturing of these atomic clocks began in 2011. [4] The CSAC, the world's smallest atomic clock, is 4 x 3.5 x 1 cm (1.5 x 1.4 x 0.4 inches) in size, weighs 35 grams, consumes only 115 mW of power, and can keep time to within 100 microseconds per day after several years of operation.
Atomic clocks are installed at sites of time signal radio transmitters. [103] They are used at some long-wave and medium-wave broadcasting stations to deliver a very precise carrier frequency. [104] Atomic clocks are used in many scientific disciplines, such as for long-baseline interferometry in radio astronomy. [105]
Caesium Beam Atomic Clock [18] [19] Cs Hong Kong Observatory; Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong ...
The development of femtosecond frequency combs and optical lattices has led to a new generation of atomic clocks. These clocks are based on atomic transitions that are resonant with visible light instead of microwave radiation. The major obstacle in operating an optical clock was the difficulty of directly measuring optical frequencies.
Rubidium is a chemical element; it has symbol Rb and atomic number 37. It is a very soft, whitish-grey solid in the alkali metal group, similar to potassium and caesium. [9] Rubidium is the first alkali metal in the group to have a density higher than water.
Pages in category "Atomic clocks" ... Rubidium standard This page was last edited on 8 February 2018, at 00:53 (UTC). Text is available under the ...