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The Pakistani rupee depreciated against the US dollar until around the start of the 21st century, when Pakistan's large current-account surplus pushed the value of the rupee up versus the dollar. Pakistan's central bank then stabilized by lowering interest rates and buying dollars, in order to preserve the country's export competitiveness.
As a result of losses, the Pakistani government began subsidising Orient's operations through a 1952 contract for the purchase of three Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellations registered to the government's newly established subsidiary, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), at the cost of 25 million rupees. [21]
The country's urban population more than tripled between 1981 and 2017 (from 23.8 million to 75.7 million), as Pakistan's urbanisation rate rose from 28.2% to 36.4%. Even with this, the nation's urbanisation rate remains one of the lowest in the world , and in 2017, over 130 million Pakistanis (making up nearly 65% of the population) lived in ...
China lent Pakistan further 700 million dollars to shore up Forex reserves. [49] Pakistan's Consumer price index (CPI) further jumped to 31.5%, the highest annual rate in 50 years. [50] Also Fitch downgrades Pak's sovereign credit rating from CCC+ to CCC-. The New York-based ratings agency warned that a default could be a "real possibility". [51]
According to the FBR, in 2021, the number of registered tax filers had grown to 7.1 million, out of whom only 2.5 million were active tax filers. [18]. In the 2023 Active Taxpayers List, the FBR recorded 3.35 million taxpayers (filing returns or settling fees by February 29, 2024), down from 5.73 million in 2022, amid ongoing tax collection and ...
In the abbreviated form, usage such as "₹ 5L" or "₹ 5 lac" (for "5 lakh rupees") is common. [4] In this system of numeration, 100 lakh is called one crore [3] and is equal to 10 million. Formal written publications in English in India tend to use lakh/crore for Indian currency and Western numbering for foreign currencies, such as dollars ...
Karachi holds more than two million Bengali immigrants, a million Afghan refugees, and up to 400,000 Rohingyas from Myanmar. [33] [34] [35] Karachi is now Pakistan's premier industrial and financial centre. The city has a formal economy estimated to be worth $190 billion as of 2021, which is the largest in the country.
In 2010–2011, 2.96 Billion Rupees were spent on public education in Hyderabad District, [54] and number which increased to 3.99 Billion Rupees in 2011–2012. [54] 26% of children in Hyderabad District were enrolled in paid private schools in 2010. [54] The University of Sindh was founded in Karachi in 1947, before moving to Hyderabad in 1951.