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In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total.Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted "+" is defined.
7.2 Sum of reciprocal of factorials. 7.3 Trigonometry and ... This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in ...
According to the Pythagorean theorem, for a right triangle with side lengths and , the length of the hypotenuse can be calculated as +. This formula defines the Pythagorean addition operation, denoted here as : for any two real numbers and , the result of this operation is defined to be [3] = +.
Minkowski sums act linearly on the perimeter of two-dimensional convex bodies: the perimeter of the sum equals the sum of perimeters. Additionally, if K {\textstyle K} is (the interior of) a curve of constant width , then the Minkowski sum of K {\textstyle K} and of its 180° rotation is a disk.
The acronym's procedural application does not match experts' intuitive understanding of mathematical notation: mathematical notation indicates groupings in ways other than parentheses or brackets and a mathematical expression is a tree-like hierarchy rather than a linearly "ordered" structure; furthermore, there is no single order by which ...
Prefix sums are trivial to compute in sequential models of computation, by using the formula y i = y i − 1 + x i to compute each output value in sequence order. However, despite their ease of computation, prefix sums are a useful primitive in certain algorithms such as counting sort, [1] [2] and they form the basis of the scan higher-order function in functional programming languages.
In number theory and combinatorics, a partition of a non-negative integer n, also called an integer partition, is a way of writing n as a sum of positive integers. Two sums that differ only in the order of their summands are considered the same partition.
The cardinality or "size" of a multiset is the sum of the multiplicities of all its elements. For example, in the multiset {a, a, b, b, b, c} the multiplicities of the members a, b, and c are respectively 2, 3, and 1, and therefore the cardinality of this multiset is 6.