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Relative sea level can change by the processes changing eustatic sea level (e.g., ice melt and thermal expansion), but also by changes on land such as subsidence and isostatic rebound. In sequence stratigraphy, relative sea level is similarly defined as the distance from the ocean surface to the bottom of the sediment on the ocean floor. [2]
The most up-to-date chronology of sea level change through the Phanerozoic shows the following long-term trends: [16] Gradually rising sea level through the Cambrian; Relatively stable sea level in the Ordovician, with a large drop associated with the end-Ordovician glaciation; Relative stability at the lower level during the Silurian
The sea-level curve (also known as the eustatic curve) is the representation of the changes of the sea level relative to present day mean sea level as gleaned from the stratigraphic record throughout the geological history. The first such curve is the Vail curve or Exxon curve.
Height above mean sea level (AMSL) is the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of an object, relative to a reference datum for mean sea level (MSL). It is also used in aviation, where some heights are recorded and reported with respect to mean sea level (contrast with flight level ), and in the atmospheric sciences , and in land ...
The sea-level equation (SLE) is a linear integral equation that describes the sea-level variations associated with the PGR. The basic idea of the SLE dates back to 1888, when Woodward published his pioneering work on the form and position of mean sea level , [ 45 ] and only later has been refined by Platzman [ 46 ] and Farrell [ 47 ] in the ...
While sea level rise is uniform around the globe, some land masses are moving up or down as a consequence of subsidence (land sinking or settling) or post-glacial rebound (land rising as melting ice reduces weight). Therefore, local relative sea level rise may be higher or lower than the global average. Changing ice masses also affect the ...
A marine transgression is a geologic event where sea level rises relative to the land and the shoreline moves toward higher ground, resulting in flooding. Transgressions can be caused by the land sinking or by the ocean basins filling with water or decreasing in capacity.
A tide gauge is a device for measuring the change in sea level relative to a vertical datum. [2] [3] It is also known as a mareograph, [4] marigraph, [5] and sea-level recorder. [6] When applied to freshwater continental water bodies, the instrument may also be called a limnimeter. [7] [8]