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The ! indicates cells that are header cells. In order for a table to be sortable, the first row(s) of a table need to be entirely made up out of these header cells. You can learn more about the basic table syntax by taking the Introduction to tables for source editing.
Collapsible tables can be sortable, too, by also including the sortable class (see § Sortable tables). By default, a collapsible table begins expanded. By default, a collapsible table begins expanded.
sortable – adds up & down icons to column headers which enable sorting the table on a given column. See sortable tables. mw-collapsible – See collapsible tables. [note 1] plainrowheaders – applies left-aligned and normal-weight formatting of row headers. See Table header layout.
If a table is created in Visual Editor, the dialog includes a checkbox to "Make table sortable". If you check this box, then a reader can sort the table by any column, by clicking on the header cell for that column. Existing tables, or tables created in wikitext can be made sortable by adding the wikitable sortable class to the top of the table:
Adding data-sort-type="number" to the relevant column header solves many numerical sorting problems. See Help:Sortable tables § Forcing a column to have a particular data type . This template can be useful when building a sortable table in which a column contains both numbers and text.
This is useful for many things. For example; for quickly updating country lists, or adding/updating a rank column, or copying a list of full names for states or countries. See Help:Sortable tables about rank columns and row numbers. See also: Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files.
The two most commonly used classes are "wikitable" and "wikitable sortable"; the latter allows the reader to sort the table by clicking on the header cell of any column. |+ caption Required for accessibility purposes on data tables, and placed only between the table start and the first table row. ! header cell Optional.
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