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European exploration and settlement of Oceania began in the 16th century, starting with the Spanish landings and shipwrecks in the Mariana Islands, east of the Philippines. This was followed by the Portuguese landing and settling temporarily (due to the monsoons) in some of the Caroline Islands and Papua New Guinea. Several Spanish landings in ...
The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. [13] Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onward. Portuguese explorers, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands and west New Guinea. Spanish and Dutch ...
A few dozen free settlers settled on the west coast in the following years. [87] New Caledonia became a penal colony, and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22,000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many Communards, including Henri de Rochefort and Louise Michel. [88]
This is a list of former European colonies. The European countries which had the most colonies throughout history were: United Kingdom , France , Portugal , Spain , Netherlands (29), Germany (20), Russia (17), Denmark (9), Sweden (8), Italy (7), Norway (6), Belgium (3), and Courland (2).
The colonisation of Oceania includes: Colonisation of Australia; Colonisation of New Zealand; Colonisation of the Pacific islands; See also. Europeans in Oceania;
There is no evidence of a pre-Māori civilisation in mainland New Zealand. [25] [26] The original settlers quickly exploited the abundant large game in New Zealand, such as moa, which were large flightless ratites pushed to extinction by about 1500. As moa and other large game became scarce or extinct, Māori culture underwent major change ...
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Biogeographically and geologically, Papua and West Papua provinces are parts of Oceania. Likewise, there is also no clearly defined boundary between Latin America and Oceania; the mostly uninhabited oceanic Pacific islands near Latin America have been considered by some as part of Oceania, both historically and in present-day times.