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Gout causes painful swelling, typically only impacting one joint. Its symptoms can come and go. Periods when gout symptoms are more severe are called gout flares or gout attacks.
Gout (/ ɡ aʊ t / GOWT [7]) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, [2] [8] caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. [9] Pain typically comes on rapidly, reaching maximal intensity in less than 12 hours. [5]
What causes gout? The condition is caused by a buildup of uric acid in the body. Uric acid forms when the body breaks down purines, a chemical compound that cells use to form DNA and RNA.
Gout is caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints, which causes significant inflammation. [82] In the early stages of gout, usually only one joint is affected; however over time, many joints can become affected. Gout most commonly occurs in joints located in the big toe, knee, and/or fingers. [82]
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Crystal induced arthritis (gout, and pseudogout) – usually involves particular joints (knee, MTP1, heels) and can be distinguished with an aspiration of joint fluid if in doubt. Redness, asymmetric distribution of affected joints, pain occurs at night and the starting pain is less than an hour with gout.