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Gout causes painful swelling, typically only impacting one joint. Its symptoms can come and go. Periods when gout symptoms are more severe are called gout flares or gout attacks.
Gout (/ ɡ aʊ t / GOWT [7]) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, [2] [8] caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. [9]
In the early stages of gout, usually only one joint is affected; however over time, many joints can become affected. Gout most commonly occurs in joints located in the big toe, knee, and/or fingers. [49] During a gout flare, the affected joints often become swollen with associated warmth and redness.
What causes gout? The condition is caused by a buildup of uric acid in the body. Uric acid forms when the body breaks down purines, a chemical compound that cells use to form DNA and RNA.
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Toe affected by gout. Monoarthritis, or monoarticular arthritis, is inflammation of one joint at a time (as opposed to oligoarthritis, which affects 2-4 joints, and polyarthritis, which affects more than 4 joints). It is usually caused by trauma, infection, or crystalline arthritis. [1]
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