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Mangrove removal disturbs these underlying sediments, often creating problems of trace metal contamination of seawater and organisms of the area. [14] Mangrove swamps protect coastal areas from erosion, storm surge (especially during tropical cyclones), and tsunamis.
Mangrove forests, also called mangrove swamps or mangals, are found in tropical and subtropical tidal areas. Areas where mangroves occur include estuaries and marine shorelines. [19] The intertidal existence to which these trees are adapted represents the major limitation to the number of species able to thrive in their habitat. High tide ...
The main types of intertidal wetlands are mudflats (e.g., mangrove swamps) and salt marshes. The mangrove swamps are encountered along tropical shores and are characterized by tree vegetation, while salt marshes are mostly found in temperate zones and are mostly grass ecosystems. [1] Intertidal wetlands are commonly encountered in most estuaries.
Mangrove swamps, in Madagascar and around the world, are an important habitat for wildlife. They are a vital breeding ground for many species of fish and a feeding place for migratory birds. The waters of the Madagascar mangroves are rich in fish and other animals such as waterbirds, crocodiles, green turtle ( Chelonia mydas ), hawksbill turtle ...
Black mangrove flower Excreted salt on the underside of a mangrove leaf. Avicennia germinans — black mangrove; Black mangrove trees grow to a heights of 133 feet and average 66 feet. They are characterized by vertically erect aerating branches (pneumatophores) extending up to 20 cm above the soil. The bark is dark and scaly and the upper ...
Much has been cleared for urban and industrial development, such as the oil refineries of the Niger Delta which have also caused the rivers and swamps to become polluted. [4] Urban areas in originally mangrove areas include Lagos in Nigeria and Douala in Cameroon. Other strains on the ecoregion include clearance for salt panning and agriculture.
The Northern Mesoamerican Pacific Mangroves are composed of two main mangrove areas located on the Pacific Coast and the Gulf of California Coast. Magdalena Bay is the largest area on the Pacific coast, along with San Ignacio Lagoon and Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, and on Cedros Island and Guadalupe Island off the coast.
The mangroves are mixed forests, with characteristic species of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), black mangrove (Avicennia germinans), white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), and buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus). Almost half of the mangrove areas have been degraded in the past 40 years by increasing salinity and decreased flows in fresh water ...