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The use of the upper GI series for the diagnosis of HPS, which was the primary diagnostic tool for this condition in the 1980s and 1990s, has been largely replaced by the use of ultrasound, which is less invasive and can visualize the thickened pylorus, giving actual measurements of this thickening.
Pyloric stenosis as seen on ultrasound in a 6-week-old [13] Diagnosis is via a careful history and physical examination, often supplemented by radiographic imaging studies. Pyloric stenosis should be suspected in any infant with severe vomiting. On physical exam, palpation of the abdomen may reveal a mass in the epigastrium.
Barium X-ray examinations are useful tools for the study of appearance and function of the parts of the gastrointestinal tract. They are used to diagnose and monitor esophageal reflux, dysphagia, hiatus hernia, strictures, diverticula, pyloric stenosis, gastritis, enteritis, volvulus, varices, ulcers, tumors, and gastrointestinal dysmotility, as well as to detect foreign bodies.
The pyloric tit sign is a radiological finding observed during barium studies in cases of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. [1] It appears as an outpouching on the lesser curvature of the stomach, just proximal to the impression created by the hypertrophied pyloric muscle.
In children, congenital pyloric stenosis / congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis may be a cause. A pancreatic pseudocyst can cause gastric compression. Pyloric mucosal diaphragm could be a rare cause. Malignant Tumours of the stomach, including adenocarcinoma (and its linitis plastica variant), lymphoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours
Pyloromyotomy is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the muscle fibers of the pyloric muscle are cut. This is typically done in cases where the contents from the stomach are inappropriately stopped by the pyloric muscle, causing the stomach contents to build up in the stomach and unable to be appropriately digested.
Gastrectomy, gastric bypass surgery, diabetes, esophageal surgery, absent or inefficient pyloric sphincter, pyloric stenosis Dumping syndrome occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too quickly from the stomach to the duodenum —the first part of the small intestine—in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract .
Frontal view of the abdomen with double bubble sign, patient was found to have duodenal atresia. In radiology, the double bubble sign is a feature of pediatric imaging seen on radiographs or prenatal ultrasound in which two air filled bubbles are seen in the abdomen, representing two discontiguous loops of bowel in a proximal, or 'high,' small bowel obstruction.