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Sometimes, a mucoid nasal discharge occurs, which is caused by obstruction to mucociliary clearance, [3] and therefore does not resolve following antibiotic treatment. [4] If the cyst is located in the caudal maxillary sinus, it may cause the eyeball on the affected side to bulge out of the orbit, known as exophthalmos .
Following infection, the first sign is fever, [7] peaking at 41 °C (106 °F), [8] followed by various signs such as lethargy, [7] nasal discharge, [8] "pink eye" (conjunctivitis), [7] swelling over the eye (supraorbital edema), [7] urticaria, [4] and swelling of the limbs and under the belly (the ventral abdomen) which may extend to the udder ...
Strangles (also called equine distemper) is a contagious upper respiratory tract infection of horses and other equines caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus equi. [1] As a result, the lymph nodes swell, compressing the pharynx , larynx , and trachea , and can cause airway obstruction leading to death, hence the name strangles. [ 2 ]
The horse may or may not be pyrexic (fevered). The limb may occasionally ooze serum. In ulcerative lumphangitis, "cording" of the lymphatics and the formation of hard nodules and abscesses may also occur; occasionally, a greenish, malodorous discharge is present. In the US in particular, the disease may be characterised by multiple small, open ...
Control of the disease is usually through elimination of the infection. This is achieved by culling infected horses and application of strict hygiene practices to prevent spread of the organism. Vaccination has been used on a limited scale in areas where enzootic lymphangitis is endemic, e.g. Iraq, but is not authorised for widespread use. [3]
Equid alphaherpesvirus 4, formerly Equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) is a virus of the family Herpesviridae that cause rhinopneumonitis in horses. It is the most important viral cause of respiratory infection in foals. [ 2 ]