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Diagram of a symmetric multiprocessing system. Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing [1] (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all ...
Multiprocessor system with a shared memory closely connected to the processors. A symmetric multiprocessing system is a system with centralized shared memory called main memory (MM) operating under a single operating system with two or more homogeneous processors. There are two types of systems: Uniform memory-access (UMA) system; NUMA system
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between them.
Non-uniform memory access (NUMA) is a computer memory design used in multiprocessing, where the memory access time depends on the memory location relative to the processor. Under NUMA, a processor can access its own local memory faster than non-local memory (memory local to another processor or memory shared between processors). [ 1 ]
Chip-level multiprocessing (CMP or multicore): integrates two or more processors into one chip, each executing threads independently. Any combination of multithreaded/SMT/CMP. The key factor to distinguish them is to look at how many instructions the processor can issue in one cycle and how many threads from which the instructions come.
Uniform memory access (UMA) is a shared memory architecture used in parallel computers.All the processors in the UMA model share the physical memory uniformly. In an UMA architecture, access time to a memory location is independent of which processor makes the request or which memory chip contains the transferred data.
In computer science, distributed memory refers to a multiprocessor computer system in which each processor has its own private memory. [1] Computational tasks can only operate on local data, and if remote data are required, the computational task must communicate with one or more remote processors.
Since the rise of multiprocessing central processing units (CPUs), a multiprogramming context has evolved as an extension of the classification system. Vector processing , covered by Duncan's taxonomy , [ 3 ] is missing from Flynn's work because the Cray-1 was released in 1977: Flynn's second paper was published in 1972.