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The Forty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, was enacted by the Janata Party which had won the 1977 general elections campaigning on a promise to "restore the Constitution to the condition it was in before the Emergency".
Amendment passed during internal emergency by Indira Gandhi. Provides for curtailment of fundamental rights, imposes fundamental duties and changes to the basic structure of the constitution by making India a "Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic". However, the Supreme Court, in Minerva Mills v.
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Constitution of India (PDF), 9 September 2020, archived from the original (PDF) ... (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978; Appendix IV – The Constitution ...
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(The bolded text was added in by the Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India and came into effect on 3 January 1977. [1]) Provided that the President may require the Council of Ministers to reconsider such advice, either generally or otherwise, and the President shall act in accordance with the advices tendered after such ...
In 1978, the Forty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India, substituted the words "armed rebellion" for "internal disturbance" in Article 352, making the term more specific and less subject to interpretations. [1] The amendment also protected Articles 20 and 21 from being suspended during an emergency. [citation needed]