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The physiology of underwater diving is the physiological adaptations to diving of air-breathing vertebrates that have returned to the ocean from terrestrial lineages. They are a diverse group that include sea snakes, sea turtles, the marine iguana, saltwater crocodiles, penguins, pinnipeds, cetaceans, sea otters, manatees and dugongs.
All aquatic amniotes (reptiles, birds and mammals) have thick and impermeable cutes that preclude cutaneous respiration, and thus rely solely on the lungs to breathe air. When underwater, the animal is essentially holding its breath and has to routinely return to the surface to breathe in
Some turtles rely on cutaneous respiration from enteral respiration around the cloaca during underwater hibernation. [ 4 ] In some sea snakes , cutaneous respiration can account for up to 30 percent of total oxygen uptake and is important when diving, during which blood is shunted away from the lungs and towards capillaries in the skin, in some ...
Aquatic turtles can even sleep underwater for short periods! 27. The exceptional box turtle. Box turtle in garden. ... How turtles breathe. Turtle swimming in tank. Turtles, like other reptiles ...
Like other amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) they breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. Turtle shells are made mostly of bone; the upper part is the domed carapace, while the underside is the flatter plastron or belly-plate.
Relax for a minute and focus on your breath. You’re a turtle. In. Out. I can’t explain why I love this so much. I just do. Related: Sea Turtle Who Has a 'Case of the Mondays' Is Such a Total Mood.
Sea turtles spend a majority of their time underwater, so they must be able to hold their breath for long periods. [57] Dive duration largely depends on activity. A foraging sea turtle may typically spend 5–40 minutes underwater [57] while a sleeping sea turtle can remain underwater for 4–7 hours.
Some turtles, especially those specialized in diving, are highly reliant on cloacal respiration during dives. [2] They accomplish this by having a pair of accessory air bladders connected to the cloaca which can absorb oxygen from the water.