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The history of contract bridge may be dated from the early 16th-century invention of trick-taking games such as whist. Bridge departed from whist with the creation of Biritch (or "Russian Whist") in the 19th century, and evolved through the late 19th and early 20th centuries to form the present game.
A bridge convention is an agreement about an artificial call or a set of related artificial calls. Calls made during the auction phase of a contract bridge game convey information about the player's card holdings.
The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge (OEB) presents comprehensive information on the card game contract bridge with limited information on related games and on playing cards. It is "official" in reference to the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) which authorized its production and whose staff prepared and/or supervised its various editions.
In contract bridge and particularly in duplicate bridge a convention card is a summary of the conventions and treatments that a particular pair is using. [1] The Laws of Duplicate Bridge specify that "Each partnership has a duty to make available its partnership understandings to opponents before commencing play against them."
The opener's 2NT is a limited bid and the responder has not shown the strength of his hand, therefore the responder will control how high the bidding goes, game or prospecting for a slam, and the suit to be played. The main advantage of this convention is that it becomes easier to reach minor-suit slams.
See the Glossary of contract bridge terms for an explanation of unfamiliar words or phrases. Walsh is a convention used in the card game of bridge in response to an opening bid of 1 ♣. [1] The convention has its origins in the Walsh System [2] developed by Richard and Rhoda Walsh. [3]
The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1] They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017. [2] The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).
Gerber is a contract bridge convention devised by William Konigsberger and Win Nye from Switzerland [1] who published it in 1936; John Gerber of Texas introduced it to North America in 1938 where it was named after him. [2] [3] It is similar to Blackwood but uses 4 ♣ instead of 4NT as a relay (asking) bid to inquire about the number of aces ...