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Antiphospholipid syndrome, or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS), is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antiphospholipid antibodies.APS can lead to blood clots in both arteries and veins, pregnancy-related complications, and other symptoms like low platelets, kidney disease, heart disease, and rash.
In a suspected antiphospholipid syndrome, lupus anticoagulant is generally tested in conjunction with anti-apolipoprotein antibodies and anti-cardiolipin antibodies, and diagnostic criteria require one clinical event (i.e. thrombosis or pregnancy complication) and two positive blood test results spaced at least three months apart that detect at ...
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS), also known as Asherson's syndrome, is a rare autoimmune disease in which widespread, intravascular clotting causes multi-organ failure. [1] The syndrome is caused by antiphospholipid antibodies that target a group of proteins in the body that are associated with phospholipids .
Pregnancy outcome appears to be worse in those with lupus whose disease flares up during pregnancy. [7] Miscarriages in the first trimester appear either to have no known cause or to be associated with signs of active lupus. [8] Later losses appear to occur primarily due to the antiphospholipid syndrome, in spite of treatment with heparin and ...
An increase in the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies (known as antiphospholipid syndrome) can be found in many recurrent miscarriage patients. However, there is no evidence that the increase in antiphospholipid antibodies harms the pregnancy, but is thought to be indicative of immune dysfunction and proinflammatory responses in regards ...
Among other causes of hypercoagulability, Antiphospholipid syndrome has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including recurrent miscarriage. [8] Deep vein thrombosis has an incidence of one in 1,000 to 2,000 pregnancies in the United States, [ 2 ] and is the second most common cause of maternal death in developed countries after ...
The placenta does not block maternal IgG antibodies, which thereby may pass through the human placenta, providing immune protection to the fetus against infectious diseases. One model for the induction of tolerance during the very early stages of pregnancy is the eutherian fetoembryonic defense system (eu-FEDS) hypothesis. [10]
Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are antibodies often directed against cardiolipin and found in several diseases, including syphilis, [1] antiphospholipid syndrome, livedoid vasculitis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, Behçet's syndrome, [2] idiopathic spontaneous abortion, [3] and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). [4]