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The Michelson–Morley experiment was an attempt to measure the motion of the Earth relative to the luminiferous aether, ... As shown in the diagram to the right, the ...
Description: A diagram of the Michelson–Morley experiment. Date {{{Date}}} Source: Created by bdesham in Inkscape.: Author: Benjamin D. Esham ()Permission (Reusing this file)As a courtesy (but not a requirement), please e-mail me or leave a note on my talk page if you use this image outside of Wikipedia.
The Michelson interferometer (among other interferometer configurations) is employed in many scientific experiments and became well known for its use by Michelson and Edward Morley in the famous Michelson–Morley experiment (1887) [1] in a configuration which would have detected the Earth's motion through the supposed luminiferous aether that ...
This data is not from the Michelson-Morley experiment but from Michelson's measurement of the speed of light. See MICHELSON, A. A. (1882). Experimental determination of the velocity of light made at the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis.
In this theory, the reason that the Michelson–Morley experiment "failed" was that the apparatus contracted in length in the direction of travel. That is, the light was being affected in the "natural" manner by its travel through the aether as predicted, but so was the apparatus itself, cancelling out any difference when measured.
It explains also the result of the Michelson–Morley experiment which was considered to be a mystery before the theory of relativity was discovered, when photons were thought to be waves through an undetectable medium. For world lines of photons passing the origin in different directions x = ct and x = −ct holds.
Edward Williams Morley (January 29, 1838 – February 24, 1923) was an American scientist known for his precise and accurate measurement of the atomic weight of oxygen, and for the Michelson–Morley experiment.
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