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In the field of antenna design the term radiation pattern (or antenna pattern or far-field pattern) refers to the directional (angular) dependence of the strength of the radio waves from the antenna or other source. [1][2][3] Particularly in the fields of fiber optics, lasers, and integrated optics, the term radiation pattern may also be used ...
Patch antenna gain pattern. A directional antenna or beam antenna is an antenna which radiates or receives greater radio wave power in specific directions. Directional antennas can radiate radio waves in beams, when greater concentration of radiation in a certain direction is desired, or in receiving antennas receive radio waves from one specific direction only.
In electromagnetics, an antenna's gain is a key performance parameter which combines the antenna 's directivity and radiation efficiency. The term power gain has been deprecated by IEEE. [1] In a transmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts input power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. In a receiving ...
Directivity. In electromagnetics, directivity is a parameter of an antenna or optical system which measures the degree to which the radiation emitted is concentrated in a single direction. It is the ratio of the radiation intensity in a given direction from the antenna to the radiation intensity averaged over all directions. [1] Therefore, the ...
Antenna measurement techniques refers to the testing of antennas in order to ensure that the antenna meets specifications or simply to characterize it. Typical antenna parameters are gain, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, impedance; These are imperative communicative means. The antenna pattern is the response of the ...
Effective radiated power (ERP), synonymous with equivalent radiated power, is an IEEE standardized definition of directional radio frequency (RF) power, such as that emitted by a radio transmitter. It is the total power in watts that would have to be radiated by a half-wave dipole antenna to give the same radiation intensity (signal strength or ...
In radio communication, an omnidirectional antenna is a class of antenna which radiates equal radio power in all directions perpendicular to an axis (azimuthal directions), with power varying with angle to the axis (elevation angle), declining to zero on the axis. [1][2] When graphed in three dimensions (see graph) this radiation pattern is ...
Pattern diversity consists of two or more co-located antennas with different radiation patterns. This type of diversity makes use of directional antennas that are usually physically separated by some (often short) distance. Collectively they are capable of discriminating a large portion of angle space and can provide a higher gain versus a ...