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In geometry, calculating the area of a triangle is an elementary problem encountered often in many different situations. The best known and simplest formula is where b is the length of the base of the triangle, and h is the height or altitude of the triangle. The term "base" denotes any side, and "height" denotes the length of a perpendicular ...
The area formula for a triangle can be proven by cutting two copies of the triangle into pieces and rearranging them into a rectangle. In the Euclidean plane, area is defined by comparison with a square of side length , which has area 1. There are several ways to calculate the area of an arbitrary triangle.
Heron's formula. A triangle with sides a, b, and c. In geometry, Heron's formula (or Hero's formula) gives the area of a triangle in terms of the three side lengths Letting be the semiperimeter of the triangle, the area is [1] It is named after first-century engineer Heron of Alexandria (or Hero) who ...
In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle. It states that the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares on the other two sides.
Incircle and excircles. Incircle and excircles of a triangle. In geometry, the incircle or inscribed circle of a triangle is the largest circle that can be contained in the triangle; it touches (is tangent to) the three sides. The center of the incircle is a triangle center called the triangle's incenter. [1] An excircle or escribed circle[2 ...
Another proof that uses triangles considers the area enclosed by a circle to be made up of an infinite number of triangles (i.e. the triangles each have an angle of d𝜃 at the centre of the circle), each with an area of 1 / 2 · r 2 · d𝜃 (derived from the expression for the area of a triangle: 1 / 2 · a · b · sin𝜃 ...
Any triangle subdivides its bounding box into the triangle itself and additional right triangles, and the areas of both the bounding box and the right triangles are easy to compute. Combining these area computations gives Pick's formula for triangles, and combining triangles gives Pick's formula for arbitrary polygons. [7] [8] [13]
Shoelace formula. The shoelace formula, also known as Gauss's area formula and the surveyor's formula, [1] is a mathematical algorithm to determine the area of a simple polygon whose vertices are described by their Cartesian coordinates in the plane. [2] It is called the shoelace formula because of the constant cross-multiplying for the ...