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The viral DNA can either remain dormant in the nucleus or be transcribed into mRNA and translated by the host cell into the Gag-Pol polyprotein, which would then be cleaved into individual functional proteins (including a newly synthesized HIV-1 PR) by the mature HIV-1 PR. [9]
The genome and proteins of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) have been the subject of extensive research since the discovery of the virus in 1983. [1] [2] "In the search for the causative agent, it was initially believed that the virus was a form of the Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), which was known at the time to affect the human immune system and cause certain leukemias.
Resistance to a drug. A resistance mutation is a mutation in a virus gene that allows the virus to become resistant to treatment with a particular antiviral drug.The term was first used in the management of HIV, the first virus in which genome sequencing was routinely used to look for drug resistance.
While the mechanisms are not clearly understood for HIV-1 and HIV-2, it is known that they use different pathways and patterns, making the algorithms used to evaluate HIV-1 resistance-associated mutations irrelevant to HIV-2. [34] Each virus can be contracted individually, or they can be contracted together in what is referred to as co-infection.
This can lead to high-level protease inhibitor resistance. [35] The Stanford HIV RT and Protease Sequence Database (also called the “HIV Drug Resistance Database”) was formed in 1998 with HIV reverse transcriptase and protease sequences from persons with well-characterized antiretroviral treatment histories, and is publicly available to ...
Scanning electron micrograph of HIV-1 ... retroviral DNA sequence that is a ... of two viral resistance genes. [163] HIV-1 is thought to have jumped ...
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