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Clinical equipoise, also known as the principle of equipoise, provides the ethical basis for medical research that involves assigning patients to different treatment arms of a clinical trial. The term was first used by Benjamin Freedman in 1987, although references to its use go back to 1795 by Edward Jenner .
Through the analysis of the role of uncertainty in medicine and the clinical equipoise principle, Djulbegovic introduced the concept of "the law of therapeutic discovery." [ 26 ] [ 27 ] This theory predicts a 50-70% success rate in discovering new treatments in randomized clinical trials (RCT) based on the foundational ethical and scientific ...
Equipoise may refer to: . Clinical equipoise, or the principle of equipoise, a medical research term; Equilibrioception, the state of being balanced or in equilibrium; Boldenone undecylenate, an anabolic steroid, by the trade name Equipoise
The Belmont Report is a 1978 report created by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.Its full title is the Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research, Report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
Although the principle of clinical equipoise ("genuine uncertainty within the expert medical community... about the preferred treatment") common to clinical trials [29] has been applied to RCTs, the ethics of RCTs have special considerations. For one, it has been argued that equipoise itself is insufficient to justify RCTs. [30]
The Declaration of Helsinki (DoH, Finnish: Helsingin julistus) is a set of ethical principles regarding human experimentation developed originally in 1964 for the medical community by the World Medical Association (WMA). [1] It is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human research ethics. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Epistemic closure [1] is a property of some belief systems.It is the principle that if a subject knows , and knows that entails, then can thereby come to know .Most epistemological theories involve a closure principle and many skeptical arguments assume a closure principle.
Chapter 14 'The Fundamental Theorems of Probable Inference' gives the main results on the addition, multiplication independence and relevance of conditional probabilities, leading up to an exposition of the 'Inverse principle' (now known as Bayes Rule) incorporating some previously unpublished work from W. E. Johnson correcting some common text ...