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A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
However while THC's pharmacodynamic tolerance may limit the maximal effects of certain drugs, evidence suggests that this tolerance mitigates undesirable effects, thus enhancing the drug's therapeutic window.
However, social factors and environment influence drug use and abuse, making the gateway effects of cannabis different for those in differing social circumstances. A study looking at associations between drug injection and cannabis use in street-involved youth found that cannabis use was associated with slower time to injection initiation. [68]
In Phase III trials, the most common adverse effects were dizziness, drowsiness and disorientation; 12% of subjects stopped taking the drug because of the side effects. [57] Dronabinol (brand names Marinol and Syndros) is a delta-9-THC containing drug for treating HIV/AIDS-induced anorexia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. [58]
The National Institute on Drug Abuse determined that marijuana use is "likely to precede use of other licit and illicit substances" and that "adults who reported marijuana use during the first wave of the survey were more likely than adults who did not use marijuana to develop an alcohol use disorder within 3 years; people who used marijuana ...
The number of people using marijuana, either recreationally or for medical reasons, has only increased in recent years as more and more states have pushed to legalize the drug.
The principal psychoactive substance in Cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), contains no nitrogen, unlike many (but not all) other psychoactive substances [a] and is not an indole, tryptamine, phenethylamine, anticholinergic (deliriant) or dissociative drug. THC is just one of more than 100 identified cannabinoid compounds in Cannabis, which ...
The metabolism of THC into 11-OH-THC plays a part in the heightened psychoactive effects of edible cannabis. [ 65 ] Next, 11-OH-THC is metabolized in the liver into 11-COOH-THC, which is the second metabolic product of THC.