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Fenoldopam is used as an antihypertensive agent postoperatively, and also intravenously (IV) to treat a hypertensive crisis. [4] Since fenoldopam is an intravenous agent with minimal adrenergic effects that improves renal perfusion, in theory it could be beneficial in hypertensive patients with concomitant chronic kidney disease. [5]
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). [1] Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke , heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction .
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
Ramipril can be considered in patients with bilateral or unilateral significant renal artery stenosis (RAS). [13] An early rise in serum creatinine above baseline is expected after initiation of therapy with Ramipril, however, monitoring serum biochemistry and renal function after initiation is crucial.
For most people, recommendations are to reduce blood pressure to less than or equal to somewhere between 140/90 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg. [2] In general, for people with elevated blood pressure, attempting to achieve lower levels of blood pressure than the recommended 140/90 mmHg will create more harm than benefits, [3] in particular for older people. [4]
The unique anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of Candesartan are shown to offer superior renoprotection of chronic renal inflammation, [27] and in ultrahigh doses and in a multidrug context, could be investigated as potentially inducing remission of chronic kidney disease. [28]
Chlortalidone is considered a first-line medication for treatment of high blood pressure. [2] Some recommend chlortalidone over hydrochlorothiazide. [1] [15] A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that chlortalidone is more effective than hydrochlorothiazide for lowering blood pressure, while the two drugs have similar toxicity.
Prazosin is commonly used as an antihypertensive, but because alpha-1-adrenergic activity has been connected to fear and startle responses, it sees use as a PTSD treatment. [19] [20] Prazosin has been established as an effective and safe centrally active alpha-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It can be used to treat trauma-related nightmares ...