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Constantinople [a] (see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman empires between its consecration in 330 until 1930, when it was renamed to Istanbul.
Ottoman Greeks in Constantinople, painted by Luigi Mayer. Ottoman practice assumed that law would be applied based on the religious beliefs of its citizens. However, the Ottoman Empire was organized around a system of local jurisprudence. Legal administration fit into a larger schema balancing central and local authority. [17]
The Eastern Orthodox Church has been headquartered in Constantinople since the 4th century AD. [44] [45] [24] In 2020 the Anadolu Agency, a state-run news agency of the Turkish government, claimed that the number of Christians in Turkey was 180,854, which corresponds to 0.2% of the population. [46]
Hagia Sophia Cathedral — a symbol of Byzantine Constantinople. The history of Constantinople covers the period from the Consecration of the city in 330, when Constantinople became the new capital of the Roman Empire, to its conquest by the Ottomans in 1453. Constantinople was rebuilt practically from scratch on the site of Byzantium.
However, it appears that the Christian community survived the devastation of the city. [3] [7] After the Ottoman conquest of Smyrna, it appears that the local Christians enjoyed a special status, contrary to several adjacent metropolises that became inactive, [2] while with the Fall of Constantinople (1453) to the Ottomans, a major ...
It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1517. Orthodoxy, however, was very strong in Russia which had recently acquired an autocephalous status; and thus Moscow called itself the Third Rome, as the cultural heir of Constantinople. Under Ottoman rule, the Greek Orthodox Church acquired power as an autonomous millet. The ecumenical patriarch was the ...
The origins of Byzantium are shrouded in legend. Tradition says that Byzas of Megara (a city-state near Athens) founded the city when he sailed northeast across the Aegean Sea. The date is usually given as 667 BC on the authority of Herodotus, who states the city was founded 17 years after Chalcedon.
Map of Byzantine Constantinople. The Kontoskalion is located in the southeastern part of the city, and named Harbour of Julian/Sophia. The Kontoskalion (Greek: Κοντοσκάλιον), also known as Harbour of Julian (Latin: Portus Iulianus, Greek: Λιμὴν τοῦ Ἰουλιανοῦ), Portus Novus ("New Port"), or Harbour of Sophia (Greek: Λιμὴν τῆς Σοφίας or ...