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  2. Antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic

    An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. [1] [2] They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

  3. β-Lactam antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Lactam_antibiotic

    β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.

  4. Beta-lactamase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-lactamase

    The structure of a Streptomyces serine β-lactamase (SBLs) is given by 1BSG.The alpha-beta fold (InterPro: IPR012338) resembles that of a DD-transpeptidase, from which the enzyme is thought to have evolved. β-lactam antibiotics bind to DD-transpeptidases to inhibit bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.

  5. Antimicrobial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial

    An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms (microbicide) or stops their growth (bacteriostatic agent). [1] Antimicrobial medicines can be grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily against. For example, antibiotics are used against bacteria, and antifungals are used against fungi. They can also be classified ...

  6. Penicillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillin

    Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that occurs one to three weeks after exposure to drugs including penicillin. It is not a true drug allergy, because allergies are type I hypersensitivity reactions, but repeated exposure to the offending agent can result in an anaphylactic reaction.

  7. Rifampicin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifampicin

    The more common side effects include fever, gastrointestinal disturbances, rashes, and immunological reactions. Taking rifampicin usually causes certain bodily fluids, such as urine, sweat, and tears, to become orange-red in color, a benign side effect that nonetheless can be frightening if it is not expected.

  8. Chloramphenicol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloramphenicol

    Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [5] This includes use as an eye ointment to treat conjunctivitis. [6] By mouth or by injection into a vein, it is used to treat meningitis, plague, cholera, and typhoid fever. [5]

  9. Quinolone antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinolone_antibiotic

    Quinolone antibiotics constitute a large group of broad-spectrum bacteriocidals that share a bicyclic core structure related to the substance 4-quinolone. [1] They are used in human and veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections, as well as in animal husbandry, specifically poultry production.