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Two schools of formalist literary criticism developed, Russian formalism, and soon after Anglo-American New Criticism. Formalism was the dominant mode of academic literary study in the US at least from the end of the Second World War through the 1970s, especially as embodied in René Wellek and Austin Warren's Theory of Literature (1948, 1955 ...
Ivor Armstrong Richards CH (26 February 1893 [1] – 7 September 1979 [1]), known as I. A. Richards, was an English educator, literary critic, poet, and rhetorician.His work contributed to the foundations of New Criticism, a formalist movement in literary theory which emphasized the close reading of a literary text, especially poetry, in an effort to discover how a work of literature functions ...
Russian formalism was a school of literary theory in Russia from the 1910s to the 1930s. It includes the work of a number of highly influential Russian and Soviet scholars such as Viktor Shklovsky, Yuri Tynianov, Vladimir Propp, Boris Eichenbaum, Roman Jakobson, Boris Tomashevsky, Grigory Gukovsky who revolutionised literary criticism between 1914 and the 1930s by establishing the specificity ...
New Criticism was a formalist movement in literary theory that dominated American literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. It emphasized close reading , particularly of poetry, to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self-contained, self-referential aesthetic object.
Formalism (music) Formalist film theory, focused on the formal, or technical, elements of a film; Formalism (literature) New Formalism, a late-20th century movement in American poetry – sometimes called simply "Formalism" Russian formalism, school of literary criticism in Russia from the 1910s to the 1930s
The first direction is the Russian Formalist's approach which assumes that there is a difference between literary and ordinary texts with features specific to literary language. The second approach rejects this assumption, as those linguistic features can be found in any other instance of language use.
Georges Poulet (French:; 29 November 1902 – 31 December 1991) was a Belgian literary critic associated with the Geneva School.Best known for his four-volume work Studies in Human Time, Poulet rejected formalist approaches to literary criticism and advanced the theory that criticism requires the reader to open his or her mind to the consciousness of the author.
Its origin is associated with the publication of Richards two books: Principles of Literary Criticism (1924) and Practical Criticism (1929). The school would later spread to Russia, where it was known as formalism. [5] Richards, in his development of the theory, was influenced by T.S. Eliot, particularly, the latter's criticism of the Victorian ...