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Medicinal chemists use the techniques of chemical synthesis to insert new chemical groups into the biomedical compound and test the modifications for their biological effects. This method was refined to build mathematical relationships between the chemical structure and the biological activity, known as quantitative structure–activity ...
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is an organic compound that stores and transfers energy in living cells. It is formed by removing a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and can be converted back to ATP by adding a phosphate group.
Cell signaling is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment through chemical or physical signals. Learn about the components, mechanisms, and functions of cell signaling, as well as its role in biology and diseases.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger that conveys the effects of hormones and other signaling molecules in cells. Learn about its synthesis, functions, and role in eukaryotic cells.
Biology is a natural science that studies life at multiple levels of organization, from molecules and cells to organisms and populations. It has several unifying themes, such as heredity, evolution, energy, and regulation, and covers diverse topics such as molecular biology, anatomy, physiology, and ecology.
A fluorescent tag is a molecule that is attached to a biomolecule to aid in its detection. Learn about the history of fluorescent labeling, the types of fluorescent tags and biosensors, and the applications of fluorescent proteins.
[3] The development of the one gene–one enzyme hypothesis is often considered the first significant result in what came to be called molecular biology. [4] Although it has been extremely influential, the hypothesis was recognized soon after its proposal to be an oversimplification. Even the subsequent reformulation of the "one gene–one ...
Tests of sufficiency in biology are used to determine if the presence of an element permits the biological phenomenon to occur. In other words, if sufficient conditions are met, the targeted event is able to take place. However, this does not mean that the absence of a sufficient biological element inhibits the biological event from occurring.