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Hydrohalogenation. A hydrohalogenation reaction is the electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides like hydrogen chloride or hydrogen bromide to alkenes to yield the corresponding haloalkanes. [1][2][3] If the two carbon atoms at the double bond are linked to a different number of hydrogen atoms, the halogen is found preferentially at the carbon ...
haloform-reaction. RSC ontology ID. RXNO:0000689. In chemistry, the haloform reaction (also referred to as the Lieben haloform reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a haloform (CHX3, where X is a halogen) is produced by the exhaustive halogenation of an acetyl group (R−C (=O)CH3, where R can be either a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or an aryl ...
Halogenation. In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide -containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. [1] This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overview is ...
Haloalkane. Tetrafluoroethane (a haloalkane) is a colorless liquid that boils well below room temperature (as seen here) and can be extracted from common canned air canisters by simply inverting them during use. The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents. [1]
Example of hydrohalogenation: addition of HBr to an alkene. Hydrohalogenation involves addition of H−X to unsaturated hydrocarbons. This reaction results in new C−H and C−X σ bonds. The formation of the intermediate carbocation is selective and follows Markovnikov's rule. The hydrohalogenation of alkene will result in haloalkane. The ...
Damköhler numbers. The Damköhler numbers (Da) are dimensionless numbers used in chemical engineering to relate the chemical reaction timescale (reaction rate) to the transport phenomena rate occurring in a system. It is named after German chemist Gerhard Damköhler, who worked in chemical engineering, thermodynamics, and fluid dynamics. [1]
Electrophilic halogenation. In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system. A few types of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, will react without a catalyst ...
Syn and anti addition. In organic chemistry, syn- and anti-addition are different ways in which substituent molecules can be added to an alkene (R2C=CR2) or alkyne (RC≡CR). The concepts of syn and anti addition are used to characterize the different reactions of organic chemistry by reflecting the stereochemistry of the products in a reaction.