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  2. List of LED failure modes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_LED_failure_modes

    Reverse bias: Although the LED is based on a diode junction and is nominally a rectifier, the reverse-breakdown mode for some types can occur at very low voltages and essentially any excess reverse bias can cause immediate degradation, and may lead to vastly accelerated failure. 5 V is a typical maximum reverse bias voltage specification for ...

  3. Antistatic bag - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antistatic_bag

    Note the two recurring ESD symbols An antistatic bag is a bag used for storing electronic components, which are prone to damage caused by electrostatic discharge (ESD). These bags are usually plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and have a distinctive color (silvery for metallised film , pink or black for polyethylene ).

  4. Electrostatic discharge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESD_turnstile

    A charged device model (CDM) test is used to define the ESD a device can withstand when the device itself has an electrostatic charge and discharges due to metal contact. This discharge type is the most common type of ESD in electronic devices and causes most of the ESD damages in their manufacturing.

  5. Failure of electronic components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_of_electronic...

    These can be classified in various ways, such as by time or cause. Failures can be caused by excess temperature, excess current or voltage, ionizing radiation, mechanical shock, stress or impact, and many other causes. In semiconductor devices, problems in the device package may cause failures due to contamination, mechanical stress of the ...

  6. Human-body model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human-body_model

    Warning label for an electrostatic sensitive device, denoting the devices susceptibility to damage. A similar symbol without the bar and with a black "dome" denotes ESD-safe equipment. The human-body model (HBM) is the most commonly used model for characterizing the susceptibility of an electronic device to damage from electrostatic discharge ...

  7. IEC 61000-4-2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61000-4-2

    IEC 61000-4-2 is the International Electrotechnical Commission's immunity standard on electrostatic discharge (ESD). The publication is one of the basic EMC standards of the IEC 61000–4 series. The European equivalent of the standard is called EN 61000-4-2. The current version of the IEC standard is the second edition dated 2008-12-09. [1]

  8. Electrostatic-sensitive device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic-sensitive_device

    Symbol for an ESD protection device – EPA Alternate warning symbol Symbol of an ESD grounding point for all components. An electrostatic-sensitive device (often abbreviated ESD) is any component (primarily electrical) which can be damaged by common static charges which build up on people, tools, and other non-conductors or semiconductors. [1]

  9. Electrical breakdown - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_breakdown

    Electrical breakdown in an electric discharge showing the ribbon-like plasma filaments from a Tesla coil.. In electronics, electrical breakdown or dielectric breakdown is a process that occurs when an electrically insulating material (a dielectric), subjected to a high enough voltage, suddenly becomes a conductor and current flows through it.