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This is a list of translations of Beowulf, one of the best-known Old English heroic epic poems. Beowulf has been translated many times in verse and in prose. By 2020, the Beowulf's Afterlives Bibliographic Database listed some 688 translations and other versions of the poem, from Thorkelin's 1787 transcription of the text, and in at least 38 languages.
Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary is a prose translation of the early medieval epic poem Beowulf from Old English to modern English. Translated by J. R. R. Tolkien from 1920 to 1926, it was edited by Tolkien's son Christopher and published posthumously in May 2014 by HarperCollins.
J. R. R. Tolkien, in his 1940 essay "On Translating Beowulf ", stated that it was not possible to translate each Old English word by a single word and create a readable modern English text. He gave the example of eacen , which might mean 'stalwart', 'broad', 'huge', or 'mighty' according to the context, whereas the word's connotations are of ...
Beginning shortly before he became a barrister, and continuing until shortly before his death, Hall wrote seven books alongside several shorter works. [33] The first two, A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary and Beowulf and the Fight at Finnsburg: A Translation into Modern English Prose, quickly became authoritative works that went through four editions each.
In 2000 (2nd edition 2013), Liuzza published his own version of Beowulf in a parallel text with the Old English, [105] with his analysis of the poem's historical, oral, religious and linguistic contexts. [106] R. D. Fulk, of Indiana University, published a facing-page edition and translation of the entire Nowell Codex manuscript in 2010. [107]
The Collins Robert French Dictionary (marketed in France as Le Robert et Collins Dictionnaire) is a bilingual dictionary of English and French derived [clarification needed] from the Collins Word Web, an analytical linguistics database.
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A History of Old English Literature (2002) Mediaevalism: The Middle Ages in Modern England (2007) Reading Shakespeare (2013) Poetry. Twelve Poems (1978) Editions. Beowulf: A Glossed Text (1995, revised 2000) Translations. The Earliest English Poems (1966, revised 1977, 1991) Beowulf: A Verse Translation (1973, revised 2001)