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Like other chlorosilanes or silanes, silicon tetrachloride reacts readily with water: . SiCl 4 + 2 H 2 O → SiO 2 + 4 HCl. The reaction can be noticed on exposure of the liquid to air, as SiCl 4 vapour produces fumes as it reacts with moisture to give a cloud-like aerosol of silica and hydrochloric acid. [6]
Trichlorosilane is produced commercially by the reaction of hydrogen chloride with silicon: Si + 3 HCl → HSiCl 3 + H 2. Many alkoxy hydrosilanes are generated by alcoholysis of trichlorosilane. One example is triethoxysilane: HSiCl 3 + 3 EtOH → HSi(OEt) 3 + 3 HCl. Organohydrosilanes can be prepared by partial hydrosilation of silane itself:
The methylchlorosilanes react with water to produce hydrogen chloride, giving siloxanes. In the case of trimethylsilyl chloride, the hydrolyzed product is hexamethyldisiloxane: 2 ((CH 3) 3 SiCl + H 2 O → [(CH 3) 3 Si] 2 O + 2 HCl. The analogous reaction of dimethyldichlorosilane gives siloxane polymers or rings: n (CH 3) 2 SiCl 2 + n H 2 O ...
It reacts quickly with water and moisture in the air. It can also be made on a large scale by reaction of silicon or silicon carbide with iodine on heating to about 200 °C. Of more academic interest is the reaction of silane with iodine vapour at 130 - 150 °C, as this produces a series of compounds ranging from iodosilane SiH 3 I to ...
First, silicon is treated with hydrogen chloride at about 300 °C to produce trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, along with hydrogen gas, according to the chemical equation. Si + 3 HCl → HSiCl 3 + H 2. The trichlorosilane is then converted to a mixture of silane and silicon tetrachloride: 4 HSiCl 3 → SiH 4 + 3 SiCl 4. This redistribution reaction ...
Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .
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Conversely, while the S N 2 reaction is mostly unaffected by the presence of a partial positive charge (δ+) at the carbon, the analogous "S N 2" reaction at silicon is so affected. Thus, for example, the silyl triflates are so electrophilic that they react 10 8 to 10 9 times faster than silyl chlorides with oxygen-containing nucleophiles.