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enlisting doctors to administer radioactive iron to impoverished pregnant women [5] exposing U.S. soldiers and prisoners to high levels of radiation [4] irradiating the testicles of prisoners, which caused severe birth defects [4] exhuming bodies from graveyards to test them for radiation (without the consent of the families of the deceased) [6]
CHI-2, 56-year-old woman 1945 1946 17 days 56 Breast cancer 94.9 CHI-3, Young adult male 1945 1946 6 months Unknown Likely Hodgkin's Disease: 94.9 HP-6, 44-year-old man 1946 1984 38 years 82 Natural death 5.3 HP-7, 59-year-old woman 1946 1946 9 months 60 Pulmonary failure 6.3 HP-11, 69-year-old man 1946 1946 6 days 69 Bronchopneumonia 6.5
The San Antonio Contraceptive Study was a clinical research study published in 1971 about the side effects of oral contraceptives. Women coming to a clinic in San Antonio, Texas to prevent pregnancies were not told they were participating in a research study or receiving placebos. Ten of the women became pregnant while on placebos. [183] [184 ...
Fetal malformations are most likely to occur if a pregnant woman receives a radiation dose >500 mSv between the 10th and 40th day of pregnancy, the period of organogenesis during which the organs are formed. After the 40th day, the effects of radiation exposure are likely to include low birth weight, delayed growth, and possible mental deficits ...
The women also experienced suppression of menstruation and sterility. [4] Although there were claims that the above conditions were caused by X rays the women received to investigate their health problems, the amount of radiation absorbed would be inconsequential compared to the amount they were exposed to daily at radium dial factories.
The embryo and fetus are considered highly sensitive to radiation exposure. [8] Complications from radiation exposure include malformation of internal organs, reduction of IQ, and cancer formation. [8] The SI unit of exposure is the coulomb per kilogram (C/kg), which has largely replaced the roentgen (R). [9]
This resulted in three deaths and affected 100+ people. A woman was exposed to radiation while nursing her sick husband. 41 days after the accident, her dose was estimated to be 2.3 Gy (230 rad) by means of a blood test. 16 years after the accident, the woman suffered from premature aging.
The Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Law defines hibakusha as people who fall into one or more of the following categories: within a few kilometers of the hypocenters of the bombs; within 2 km (1.2 mi) of the hypocenters within two weeks of the bombings; exposed to radiation from fallout; or not yet born but carried by pregnant women in any of the three previously mentioned categories. [4]