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Map showing the original border (in pink) between Manchuria and Russia according to the Treaty of Nerchinsk 1689, and subsequent losses of territory to Russia in the treaties of Aigun 1858 (beige) and Peking 1860 (red) Harbin's Kitayskaya Street (Russian for "Chinese Street"), now Zhongyang Street (Chinese for "Central Street"), before 1945
As a result, China lost the region [12]: 348 that came to be known as Outer Manchuria or Russian Manchuria (an area of 350,000 square miles (910,000 km 2) [2]) and access to the Sea of Japan. [14] [15] [16] In the wake of these events, the Qing government changed course and encouraged Han Chinese migration to Manchuria (Chuang Guandong).
A 1944 map of China Proper, Manchuria (Northeast China), Mongolia (Outer Mongolia), Sinkiang , and Tibet from the War Information Office propaganda film Why We Fight: The Battle of China. The outer borders include several areas claimed by the Republic of China. The concept of "China proper" also appeared before this 1795 book.
The Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945 led to the rapid collapse of Japanese rule, and the Soviets restored the region of Manchuria to Chinese rule: Manchuria served as a base of operations for the Mao Zedong's People's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War, which led to the formation of the People's Republic of China in 1949.
However, China lost four provinces with the establishment of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo in Manchuria. After the defeat of Japan in World War II in 1945, China re-incorporated Manchuria as 10 provinces, and assumed control of Taiwan as a province. As a result, the Republic of China in 1946 had 35 provinces.
Despite officially prohibiting Han Chinese settlement on the Manchu and Mongol lands, by the 18th century the Qing decided to settle Han refugees from northern China who were suffering from famine, floods, and drought into Manchuria and Inner Mongolia so that Han Chinese farmed 500,000 hectares in Manchuria and tens of thousands of hectares in ...
Official map of the Qing Empire published by the Qing in 1905. The Qing dynasty in Inner Asia was the expansion of the Qing dynasty's realm in Inner Asia in the 17th and the 18th century AD, including both Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia, both Manchuria (Northeast China) and Outer Manchuria, Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang.
D'Anville's map of China proper and Chinese Tartary, created in 1734. Map of independent Tartary (in yellow) and Chinese Tartary (in violet), in 1806.. Chinese Tartary (Chinese: 中國韃靼利亞; pinyin: Zhōngguó Dádálìyà or Chinese: 中属鞑靼利亚; pinyin: Zhōng shǔ Dádálìyà) is an archaic geographical term referring to the regions of Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang (also ...