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  2. C file input/output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_file_input/output

    Reads a byte/ wchar_t line from a file stream fputc putc: fputwc putwc: Writes a byte/ wchar_t to a file stream fputs: fputws: Writes a byte/ wchar_t string to a file stream getchar: getwchar: Reads a byte/ wchar_t from stdin gets — Reads a byte string from stdin until a newline or end of file is encountered (deprecated in C99, removed from ...

  3. Standard streams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams

    Others (such as many Unix media players) may read files from standard input. Popular Windows programs that open a separate console window in addition to their GUI windows are the emulators pSX and DOSBox. GTK-server can use stdin as a communication interface with an interpreted program to realize a GUI.

  4. C string handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_string_handling

    In fact all lengths are defined as being in bytes and this is true in all implementations, and these functions work as well with UTF-8 as with single-byte encodings. The BSD documentation has been fixed to make this clear, but POSIX, Linux, and Windows documentation still uses "character" in many places where "byte" or "wchar_t" is the correct ...

  5. cat (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)

    This is because the redirection form opens the file as the stdin file descriptor which command can fully access, while the cat form simply provides the data as a stream of bytes. Another common case where cat is unnecessary is where a command defaults to operating on stdin, but will read from a file, if the filename is given as an argument ...

  6. scanf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanf

    The formatting placeholders in scanf are more or less the same as that in printf, its reverse function.As in printf, the POSIX extension n$ is defined. [2]There are rarely constants (i.e., characters that are not formatting placeholders) in a format string, mainly because a program is usually not designed to read known data, although scanf does accept these if explicitly specified.

  7. Escape sequences in C - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_sequences_in_C

    Sequence \n maps to one byte, despite the fact that the platform may use more than one byte to denote a newline, such as the DOS/Windows CRLF sequence, 0x0D 0x0A. The translation from 0x0A to 0x0D 0x0A on DOS and Windows occurs when the byte is written out to a file or to the console, and the inverse translation is done when text files are read.

  8. End-of-file - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-of-file

    It allows programs to use the same code to read input from both a terminal and a text file. In the ANSI X3.27-1969 magnetic tape standard, the end of file was indicated by a tape mark , which consisted of a gap of approximately 3.5 inches of tape followed by a single byte containing the character 0x13 (hex) for nine-track tapes and 017 (octal ...

  9. read (system call) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_(system_call)

    This system call reads in data in bytes, the number of which is specified by the caller, from the file and stores then into a buffer supplied by the calling process. The read system call takes three arguments: The file descriptor of the file. The buffer where the read data is to be stored. The number of bytes to be read from the file.