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Platelets collected by using apheresis at an American Red Cross donation center. Not all platelet transfusions use platelets collected by automated apheresis. The platelets can also be separated from donations of whole blood collected in a traditional blood donation, but there are several advantages to separating the platelets at the time of collection.
Platelet transfusion, is the process of infusing platelet concentrate into the body via vein, ... Platelets can be produced either from whole blood or by apheresis. [1]
The assembly (A–D), operation (E) and disassembly (F) of the platelet apheresis machine, which can be configured to separate other components as well. The various apheresis techniques may be used whenever the removed constituent is causing severe symptoms of disease. Generally, apheresis has to be performed fairly often, and is an invasive ...
Platelets can be isolated from whole blood using three methods, the platelet rich plasma method, the buffy coat method and with apheresis. Platelets are normally stored at room temperature (20 to 24 °C) in order to preserve their ability to circulate after transfusion. [1]
In apheresis procedures, the red blood cells are returned. If this is done manually and the donor receives the blood from a different donor, a transfusion reaction can take place. Manual apheresis is extremely rare in the developed world because of this risk and automated procedures are as safe as whole blood donations. [99]
Platelet transfusion is contraindicated in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), as it fuels the coagulopathy. Platelet transfusion is generally ineffective, and thus contraindicated, for prophylaxis in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), because the transfused platelets are immediately cleared; however, it is indicated to treat bleeding. [70]
On rare occasions, blood products are contaminated with bacteria. This can result in a life-threatening infection known as transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. The risk of severe bacterial infection is estimated, as of 2020, at about 1 in 2,500 platelet transfusions, and 1 in 2,000,000 red blood cell transfusions. [44]
Slichter's work helped establish the utility of single-donor apheresis platelets [5] and the appropriateness of platelet transfusion in various clinical settings. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Slichter was the lead author on the Trial to Reduce Alloimmunization to Platelets (TRAP) study, [ 8 ] which evaluated the utility of leukoreduction and ultraviolet ...