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Vertebral osteomyelitis often attacks two vertebrae and the corresponding intervertebral disk, causing narrowing of the disc space between the vertebrae. [6] The prognosis for the disease is dependent on where the infection is concentrated in the spine, the time between initial onset and treatment, and what approach is used to treat the disease.
Antibiotics by mouth and by intravenous appear similar. [32] [33] Due to insufficient evidence it is unclear what the best antibiotic treatment is for osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease as of 2019. [34] Initial first-line antibiotic choice is determined by the patient's history and regional differences in common infective organisms.
Oritavancin, sold under the brand name Orbactiv (by Melinta Therapeutics) among others, is a semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic medication for the treatment of serious Gram-positive bacterial infections. Its chemical structure as a lipoglycopeptide is similar to vancomycin. [5]
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. [5]
Surgery is the main treatment, often combined with antibiotics. The prognosis is generally favorable, with minimal risk of lasting disability or recurrence. Brodie abscess is responsible for 2.5%-42% of primary bone infections. It is named after Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet, who initially described the condition in the 1830s.
Linezolid is an antibiotic used for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. [9] [10] Linezolid is active against most Gram-positive bacteria that cause disease, including streptococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
[11] [13] After a good response to intravenous antibiotics, people can be switched to oral antibiotics. The duration of oral antibiotics varies, but is generally for 1–4 weeks depending on the offending organism. [2] [11] [13] Repeated daily joint aspiration is useful in the treatment of septic arthritis. Every aspirate should be sent for ...
Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis is a peculiar aspect of osteomyelitis characterized by prevalent histiocytic ... Antibiotics have been used with success for cases ...