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Chocolate is a Spanish loanword, first recorded in English in 1604, [1] and in Spanish in 1579. [2] However, the word's origins beyond this are contentious. [3] Despite a popular belief that chocolate derives from the Nahuatl word chocolatl, early texts documenting the Nahuatl word for chocolate drink use a different term, cacahuatl, meaning "cacao water".
Ruth Jones Wakefield (née Graves; June 17, 1903 – January 10, 1977) was an American chef, known for her innovations in the baking field.She pioneered the first chocolate chip cookie recipe, an invention many people incorrectly assume was a mistake. [1]
Daniel Peter (9 March 1836 – 4 November 1919) was a Swiss chocolatier and entrepreneur who founded Peter's Chocolate.A neighbour of Henri Nestlé in Vevey, [1] he was one of the first chocolatiers to make milk chocolate and is credited for inventing it, [1] [2] [3] in 1875 or 1876, by adding powdered milk to the chocolate.
Chocolate is perceived to be different things at different times, including a sweet treat, a luxury product, a consumer good and a mood enhancer. [168] Its reputation as a mood enhancer is driven in part by marketing. [169] Chocolate is a popular metaphor for the black racial category, [170] and has connotations of transgression and sexuality.
Milton S. Hershey, c. 1915 Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American chocolatier, businessman, and philanthropist.. Trained in the confectionery business, Hershey pioneered the manufacture of caramel, using fresh milk.
The word "chocolate" was first used in English in 1604. [1] The first instance of "milk chocolate" appeared soon after, referring to a drink of chocolate combined with milk. In 1687, Hans Sloane, an Irish physician and collector, introduced the beverage to London after seeing the people of Jamaica enjoying the drink. [2]
A close-up of a chocolate chip cookie. A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that features chocolate chips or chocolate morsels as its distinguishing ingredient. Chocolate chip cookies are claimed to have originated in the United States in 1938, when Ruth Graves Wakefield chopped up a Nestlé semi-sweet chocolate bar and added the chopped chocolate to a cookie recipe; however, historical ...
Coenraad Johannes van Houten (15 March 1801 – 27 May 1887) was a Dutch chemist and chocolate maker known for the treatment of cocoa mass with alkaline salts to remove the bitter taste and make cocoa solids more water-soluble; the resulting product is still called "Dutch process chocolate".