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The percent yield is a comparison between the actual yield—which is the weight of the intended product of a chemical reaction in a laboratory setting—and the theoretical yield—the measurement of pure intended isolated product, based on the chemical equation of a flawless chemical reaction, [1] and is defined as,
Ecological yield is the harvestable population growth of an ecosystem. It is most commonly measured in forestry : sustainable forestry is defined as that which does not harvest more wood in a year than has grown in that year, within a given patch of forest .
Percentage yield is calculated by dividing the amount of the obtained desired product by the theoretical yield. [6] In a chemical process, the reaction is usually reversible, thus reactants are not completely converted into products; some reactants are also lost by undesired side reaction.
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are ...
The limiting reagent must be identified in order to calculate the percentage yield of a reaction since the theoretical yield is defined as the amount of product obtained when the limiting reagent reacts completely.
The completed metabolic pathway is modeled mathematically to find the theoretical yield of the product or the reaction fluxes in the cell. A flux is the rate at which a given reaction in the network occurs. Simple metabolic pathway analysis can be done by hand, but most require the use of software to perform the computations. [15]
The maximum sustainable yield is the largest yield that can be taken from a population at equilibrium. In figure 3, if H {\displaystyle H} is higher than H 2 {\displaystyle H_{2}} , the harvesting would exceed the population's capacity to replace itself at any population size ( H 3 {\displaystyle H_{3}} in figure 3).
Although there is a theoretical yield of 38 ATP molecules per glucose during cellular respiration, such conditions are generally not realized because of losses such as the cost of moving pyruvate (from glycolysis), phosphate, and ADP (substrates for ATP synthesis) into the mitochondria.