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LTT 9779 b (Cuancoá) is the first ultra-hot Neptune discovered with an orbital period of 19 hours and an atmospheric temperature of over 1700 degrees Celsius. Being so close to its star and with a mass around twice that of Neptune, its atmosphere should have evaporated into space so its existence requires an unusual explanation. [8]
The northern polar cap has a diameter of approximately 1,000 km during the northern Mars summer, [110] and contains about 1.6 million cubic kilometres of ice, which if spread evenly on the cap would be 2 km thick. [111] (This compares to a volume of 2.85 million cubic kilometres for the Greenland ice sheet.)
Given the different Sun incidence in different positions in the orbit, it is necessary to define a standard point of the orbit of the planet, to define the planet position in the orbit at each moment of the year w.r.t such point; this point is called with several names: vernal equinox, spring equinox, March equinox, all equivalent, and named considering northern hemisphere seasons.
Since then, the region they occupy between Mars and Jupiter is known as the asteroid belt. 1846 – Urbain Le Verrier predicts the existence and location of an eighth planet from irregularities in the orbit of Uranus. [137] 1846 – Johann Galle discovers the eighth planet, Neptune, following the predicted position gave to him by Le Verrier. [137]
Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun. It is the fourth-largest planet in the Solar System by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 times the mass of Earth. Compared to its fellow ice giant Uranus, Neptune is slightly more massive, but
First communication between two crewed space vehicles in orbit. First person to float freely in microgravity. USSR Vostok 3 and Vostok 4: 18 August 1962 First auroral research rocket launched into the ionosphere. Norway: Ferdinand 1: November 1962: First Mars flyby (11,000 km) but contact was lost. USSR Mars 1: 14 December 1962
The Hubble Space Telescope, the first large optical telescope in orbit, is launched using the Space Shuttle, but astronomers soon discovered that it is crippled by a problem with its mirror. A complex repair mission in 1993 allows the telescope to start producing spectacular images of distant stars, nebulae, and galaxies.
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...