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Wounded Japanese troops surrender to US and Filipino soldiers in Manila, 1945. The military history of the Philippines is characterized by wars between Philippine kingdoms [1] and its neighbors in the precolonial era and then a period of struggle against colonial powers such as Spain and the United States, occupation by the Empire of Japan during World War II and participation in Asian ...
The position of military governor was abolished in July 1902, after which the civilian office Governor-General became the sole executive authority in the Philippines. [6] [7] Under the military government, initially with soldiers as teachers; [8] civil and criminal courts were reestablished, including a supreme court; [9] and local governments ...
Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld with Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General George S. Brown.While the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff acts as the highest-ranking and most senior military officer in the United States Armed Forces, the civilian Secretary of Defense acts as the highest-ranking and most senior position within the Department of Defense.
The 1987 Constitution mandates civilian control of the military and establishes the President as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The President also heads the NSC, ostensibly the policy-making and advisory body for matters connected with national defense.
The need to assert civilian control of the military was a reform agenda which began being addressed almost as soon as Ferdinand Marcos was deposed by the 1986 People Power Revolution; within a year of Marcos' ouster, the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines enshrined the principle of civilian supremacy over the military. [105]
[61]: 19 The 1987 constitution kept the 1973 text on civilian rule over the military, although it added that the armed forces were the "protector of the people and the state". [84]: 83 [22]: 8 It also separated the Philippine Constabulary from the military, while shifting response for internal security from the military to the police.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 October 2024. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (October 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of a series on the History of the ...
The military history of the Philippines during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, especially the 14-year period between Marcos' proclamation of Martial Law in September 1972 and his eventual ouster through the People Power Revolution of 1986, was characterized by rapid changes linked to Marcos' use of the military as his "martial law implementor".