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In some languages, a general word order can be identified, but this is much harder in others. [16] When the word order is free, different choices of word order can be used to help identify the theme and the rheme.
Czech is an SVO language with free word order, made possible by its rich case-marking system. Czech's lack of overt articles or fixed positions for noun phrases allows for flexible word order. Despite flexibility, scrambling is constrained by information structure (focus and background) and specificity.
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Many languages, such as Greek, have relatively free word order, where VSO is one of many possible orders. Other languages, such as Spanish and Romanian, allow rather free subject-verb inversion. However, the most basic, common, and unmarked form in these languages is SVO, so they are classified as SVO languages.
In linguistic typology, subject–verb–object (SVO) is a sentence structure where the subject comes first, the verb second, and the object third. Languages may be classified according to the dominant sequence of these elements in unmarked sentences (i.e., sentences in which an unusual word order is not used for emphasis).
In linguistic typology, a subject–object–verb (SOV) language is one in which the subject, object, and verb of a sentence always or usually appear in that order. If English were SOV, "Sam apples ate" would be an ordinary sentence, as opposed to the actual Standard English "Sam ate apples" which is subject–verb–object (SVO).