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Deed restrictions and restrictive covenants became an important instrument for enforcing racial segregation in most towns and cities, becoming widespread in the 1920s. [90] Such covenants were employed by many real estate developers to "protect" entire subdivisions , with the primary intent to keep " white " neighborhoods "white".
The nadir of American race relations was the period in African-American history and the history of the United States from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the early 20th century, when racism in the country, and particularly anti-black racism, was more open and pronounced than it had ever been during any other period in the nation's history.
Racism against Arab Americans [291] and racialized Islamophobia against American Muslims have risen concomitantly with tensions between the American government and the Islamic world. [292] Following the September 11, 2001, attacks in the United States, discrimination and racialized violence has markedly increased against Arab Americans and many ...
At its height in 1919–1920, concerns over the effects of radical political agitation in American society and the alleged spread of socialism, communism, and anarchism in the American labor movement fueled a general sense of concern. The scare had its origins in the hyper-nationalism of World War I as well as the Russian Revolution.
A research team at the University of Washington published a map that marked over 2,300 properties in Kitsap County that had racial restrictions between the 1920s to 1940s.
In May, following the first serious racial incidents, W. E. B. Du Bois published his essay "Returning Soldiers": [14] We return from the slavery of uniform which the world's madness demanded us to don to the freedom of civil garb. We stand again to look America squarely in the face and call a spade a spade.
1920s: Finance. America's wealth more than doubled in the years between 1920 and '29. Most of this wealth funneled into finance and industry, but enough trickled down to low-level employees to let ...
The civil rights movement continued to evolve in the latter half of the 20th century, addressing issues beyond racial equality. The fight for gender equality, particularly the women's liberation movement, led to significant legal changes, such as Title IX, which prohibited sex-based discrimination in education.