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The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name. A numeric character reference uses the format &#nnnn; or &#xhhhh; where nnnn is the code point in decimal form, and hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form.
The following tables indicates the Unicode code point sequences for phonemes as used in the International Phonetic Alphabet.A bold code point indicates that the Unicode chart provides an application note such as "voiced retroflex lateral" for U+026D ɭ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH RETROFLEX HOOK.
The International Phonetic Alphabet is occasionally modified by the Association. After each modification, the Association provides an updated simplified presentation of the alphabet in the form of a chart. (See History of the IPA.) Not all aspects of the alphabet can be accommodated in a chart of the size published by the IPA.
There were two alternative alphabets used, which were almost completely different from each other, with only the code word "Xray" in common. [22] The US Navy's first radiotelephony phonetic spelling alphabet was published in 1913, in the Naval Radio Service's Handbook of Regulations developed by Captain William H. G. Bullard.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 January 2025. Letter names for unambiguous communication Not to be confused with International Phonetic Alphabet. Alphabetic code words A lfa N ovember B ravo O scar C harlie P apa D elta Q uebec E cho R omeo F oxtrot S ierra G olf T ango H otel U niform I ndia V ictor J uliett W hiskey K ilo X ray L ...
Code chart ∣ Web page Note : [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Phonetic Extensions is a Unicode block containing phonetic characters used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet , Old Irish phonetic notation, the Oxford English Dictionary and American dictionaries , and Americanist and Russianist phonetic notations.
N with vertical line below: IPA and other phonetic alphabets Ǹ̩ ǹ̩: N with vertical line below and grave: N̩̓ n̩̓: N with vertical line below and comma above: N̲ n̲: N with underline: Ɲ ɲ ᶮ N with left hook: Palatal nasal; Bambara and other African languages Ƞ ƞ: N with long right leg: Lakota Ꞑ ꞑ N with descender: Jaꞑalif ...