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The date of the impact coincides precisely with the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–Pg boundary), slightly more than 66 million years ago. [7] The crater is estimated to be over 150 km (93 mi) in diameter [10] and 20 km (12 mi) in depth, well into the continental crust of the region of about 10–30 km (6.2–18.6 mi) depth.
Because the Raton Formation is a well-preserved sequence of rocks spanning the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, it has been studied for evidence of a large meteor impact at the end of the Cretaceous that is thought to have caused the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. The boundary is represented by a 1-cm thick tonstein clay layer which has ...
The Lopez de Bertodano Formation is a geological formation in the James Ross archipelago of the Antarctic Peninsula.The strata date from the end of the Late Cretaceous (upper-lower Maastrichtian stage [1]) to the Danian stage of the lower Paleocene, from about 70 to 65.5 million years ago, straddling the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.
The Hell Creek Formation in Montana overlies the Fox Hills Formation and underlies the Fort Union Formation, and the boundary with the latter occurs near the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–Pg), which defines the end of the Cretaceous period and has been dated to 66 ± 0.07 Ma old. [6]
The Cretaceous (along with the Mesozoic) ended with the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, a large mass extinction in which many groups, including non-avian dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and large marine reptiles, died out, widely thought to have been caused by the impact of a large asteroid that formed the Chicxulub crater in the Gulf of Mexico.
The climate across the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–Pg or formerly the K–T boundary) is very important to geologic time as it marks a catastrophic global extinction event. Numerous theories have been proposed as to why this extinction event happened including an asteroid known as the Chicxulub asteroid, volcanism, or sea level changes.
It was formed at or near the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary about 66 mya around the same time as the Chicxulub crater. [1] Numerical simulations of crater formation suggested a sea impact at the depth of around 800 m (1 ⁄ 2 mi) of a ≥400-m asteroid. [1]
The Shiva crater is the claim by paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee [2] and colleagues that the Bombay High and Surat Depression on the Indian continental shelf west of Mumbai, India represent a 500-kilometre (310 mi) impact crater, that formed around the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.