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Tamoxifen treatment of postmenopausal women is associated with beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles. However, long-term data from clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a cardioprotective effect. [52] For some women, tamoxifen can cause a rapid increase in triglyceride concentration in the blood.
Adverse effects of tamoxifen include hot flashes and an increase in the risk of developing endometrial cancer compared to women of similar age. [ 6 ] [ 4 ] Toremifene , a chlorinated tamoxifen derivative developed to avoid hepatic carcinomas , was associated with fewer DNA adducts in the liver than tamoxifen in preclinical studies .
The side effects of toremifene are similar to those of tamoxifen. [5] The most common side effect is hot flashes. [5] Other side effects include sweating, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, vaginal discharge, and vaginal bleeding. [5] [7] In women with bone metastases, hypercalcemia may occur. [5] Toremifene has a small risk of thromboembolic events. [5]
Antiestrogens include selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen, clomifene, and raloxifene, the ER silent antagonist and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) fulvestrant, [6] [7] aromatase inhibitors (AIs) like anastrozole, and antigonadotropins including androgens/anabolic steroids, progestogens, and GnRH analogues.
Tamoxifen is also thought to lower the risk of breast cancer in those who have a predisposition or at risk. [9] Tamoxifen may be used in pre and postmenopausal women. [10] Toremifene is a similar SERM drug to tamoxifen, but is less common and only approved for treatment of metastatic cancer. Toremifene is generally prescribed once tamoxifen is ...
Depression. DHEA levels are lower in those with depression, so supplementation may help.. A 2005 placebo-controlled study looked at men and women aged 45 to 65 with midlife-onset major or minor ...
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