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In labor economics, an efficiency wage is a wage paid in excess of the market-clearing wage to increase the labor productivity of workers. [1] Specifically, it points to the incentive for managers to pay their employees more than the market-clearing wage to increase their productivity or to reduce the costs associated with employee turnover.
The recent trend of wage growth began in the 1800s due to the significant technological improvement (known as Industrial Revolution) as well as the growing size of the labour force in which phrase is known as the Solow phrase based on Solow's growth model in 1956. [7] As a result of the improvements, labour productivity in businesses has ...
Workforce productivity is the amount of goods and services that a group of workers produce in a given amount of time. It is one of several types of productivity that economists measure. Workforce productivity, often referred to as labor productivity, is a measure for an organisation or company, a process, an industry, or a country.
In economics, the Baumol effect, also known as Baumol's cost disease, first described by William J. Baumol and William G. Bowen in the 1960s, is the tendency for wages in jobs that have experienced little or no increase in labor productivity to rise in response to rising wages in other jobs that did experience high productivity growth.
The mainstream view is that market economies are generally believed to be closer to efficient than other known alternatives [4] and that government involvement is necessary at the macroeconomic level (via fiscal policy and monetary policy) to counteract the economic cycle – following Keynesian economics.
The average product of labor (APL) is the total product of labor divided by the number of units of labor employed, or Q/L. [2] The average product of labor is a common measure of labor productivity. [4] [5] The AP L curve is shaped like an inverted “u”. At low production levels the AP L tends to increase as
TFP is calculated by dividing output by the weighted geometric average of labour and capital input, with the standard weighting of 0.7 for labour and 0.3 for capital. [3] Total factor productivity is a measure of productive efficiency in that it measures how much output can be produced from a certain amount of inputs.
Average physical product (APP), marginal physical product (MPP) In economics and in particular neoclassical economics, the marginal product or marginal physical productivity of an input (factor of production) is the change in output resulting from employing one more unit of a particular input (for instance, the change in output when a firm's labor is increased from five to six units), assuming ...