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The term backwardation, when used without the qualifier "normal", can be somewhat ambiguous. Although sometimes used as a synonym for normal backwardation (where a futures contract price is lower than the expected spot price at contract maturity), it may also refer to the situation where a futures contract price is merely lower than the current ...
Backwardation indicates the futures curve is falling, with spot markets and short-term futures contracts priced higher than longer-dated contracts.
Markets are said to be normal when futures prices are above the current spot price and far-dated futures are priced above near-dated futures. The reverse, where the price of a commodity for future delivery is lower than the expected spot price is known as backwardation. Similarly, markets are said to be inverted when futures prices are below ...
As with investors and stocks, a market can also be bullish or bearish. A bull market is generally defined as a period of consistent, overall upticks in the market, whereas a bear market is defined ...
A bear market is essentially the opposite of a bull market, meaning that it is a prolonged period of declining prices. A bear market generally occurs when prices have declined by at least 20 ...
Very bearish sentiment is usually followed by the market going up more than normal, and vice versa. [3] A bull market refers to a sustained period of either realized or expected price rises, [4] whereas a bear market is used to describe when an index or stock has fallen 20% or more from a recent high for a sustained length of time. [5]
The pole is formed by a line which represents the primary trend in the market. The pattern, which could be bullish or bearish, is seen as the market potentially just taking a "breather" after a big move before continuing its primary trend. [3] [4] The chart below illustrates a bull flag. A bear flag would trend in the opposite direction.
Bear markets tend to be shorter than bull markets, lasting about 10 to 12 months on average in the S&P 500. There have been 13 bear markets in the S&P 500 since 1946, an average of one every six ...